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425 425  
426 426  61. Subsets of the detailed categories in ICSaW-18 may be used to present statistics on work relationships in own-use production work, employment, volunteer work, child labour and time-use on a conceptually consistent basis, regardless of the scope and source of the statistics. The categories for own-use production work and volunteer work may be aggregated according to the form of work as follows:
427 427  
428 -(a) Workers in own-use production
428 +* (a) Workers in own-use production
429 +** {{{(i)}}} Workers in own-use provision of services
429 429  
430 -{{{(i)}}} Workers in own-use provision of services
431 -
432 432  13 – Employers in own-use provision of services
433 -
434 434  23 – Independent workers in own-use provision of services without employees
435 -
436 436  52 – Family helpers in own-use provision of services
437 437  
438 -{{{(ii) }}}Workers in own-use production of goods
435 +*
436 +** (ii) Workers in own-use production of goods
439 439  
440 440  14 – Employers in own-use production of goods
441 -
442 442  24 – Independent workers in own-use production of goods without employees
440 +52 – Family helpers in own-use production of goods
443 443  
444 -1.
445 -11.
446 -111.
442 +* (b) Volunteer workers
447 447  
448 -– Family helpers in own-use production of goods
444 +25 – Direct volunteers
445 +70 – Organization-based volunteers
449 449  
450 -Volunteer workers
447 +== Definitions of the categories in ICSaW-18 that are not included in ICSE-18 ==
451 451  
452 -25Direct volunteers
449 +=== 13 Employers in own-use provision of services ===
453 453  
454 -70 Organization-based volunteers
451 +62. //Employers in own-use provision of services// are workers who perform any activity to provide services mainly for own final use, and employ one or more persons (including temporarily absent employees but excluding other members of their household) during the reference period as a domestic employee. They may sell part of these services to others, for example, by looking after children from other households for pay or barter, at the same time as mainly looking after their own children.
455 455  
456 -= Definitions of the categories in ICSaW-18 that are not included in ICSE-18 =
453 +=== 14 Employers in own-use production of goods ===
457 457  
458 -1. – Employers in own-use provision of services
459 -11. //Employers in own-use provision of services// are workers who perform any activity to provide services mainly for own final use, and employ one or more persons (including temporarily absent employees but excluding other members of their household) during the reference period as a domestic employee. They may sell part of these services to others, for example, by looking after children from other households for pay or barter, at the same time as mainly looking after their own children.
460 -1. – Employers in own-use production of goods
461 -11. //Employers in own-use production of goods// are workers who, during the reference period, employed one or more persons in return for payment in cash or in kind (including temporarily absent employees but excluding other members of their household) to produce goods mainly for consumption by the employer’s own household. A part or surplus of the goods intended mainly for own consumption may be sold or bartered.
455 +63. //Employers in own-use production of goods// are workers who, during the reference period, employed one or more persons in return for payment in cash or in kind (including temporarily absent employees but excluding other members of their household) to produce goods mainly for consumption by the employer’s own household. A part or surplus of the goods intended mainly for own consumption may be sold or bartered.
462 462  
463 -1. – Independent workers in own-use provision of services without employees
464 -11. //Independent workers in own-use provision of services// //without employees// are workers who perform any activity to provide services for own final use, but did not, during the reference period, employ any persons to work as a domestic employee. They may sell part of these services to others, for example by looking after children from other households for pay or barter, at the same time as mainly looking after their own children.
465 -1. – Independent workers in own-use production of goods without employees
466 -11. //Independent workers in own-use production of goods// //without employees// are workers who, on their own account or with one or more partners, perform any activity to produce goods for own final use who do not, during the reference period, employ any persons to produce goods for pay in cash or in kind. A part or surplus of the goods intended mainly for own consumption may be sold or bartered.
467 -1. – Direct volunteers
468 -11. //Direct volunteers// are workers who, on their own account or in partnership with others, and independently of any organization or community group, perform any unpaid, noncompulsory activity to produce goods or provide services for other households.
457 +=== 23 – Independent workers in own-use provision of services without employees ===
469 469  
470 -(a) Excluded from this group are workers who:
459 +64. //Independent workers in own-use provision of services// //without employees// are workers who perform any activity to provide services for own final use, but did not, during the reference period, employ any persons to work as a domestic employee. They may sell part of these services to others, for example by looking after children from other households for pay or barter, at the same time as mainly looking after their own children.
471 471  
472 -1.
473 -11.
474 -111. perform non-compulsory work without remuneration through or for organizations comprising market and non-market units, including self-help, mutual aid or community-based groups of which the worker is a member; and
475 -111. produce goods or services for consumption by members of the worker’s own household or family.
461 +=== 24 – Independent workers in own-use production of goods without employees ===
476 476  
463 +65. //Independent workers in own-use production of goods// //without employees// are workers who, on their own account or with one or more partners, perform any activity to produce goods for own final use who do not, during the reference period, employ any persons to produce goods for pay in cash or in kind. A part or surplus of the goods intended mainly for own consumption may be sold or bartered.
464 +
465 +=== 25 – Direct volunteers ===
466 +
467 +66. //Direct volunteers// are workers who, on their own account or in partnership with others, and independently of any organization or community group, perform any unpaid, noncompulsory activity to produce goods or provide services for other households.
468 +
469 +* (a) Excluded from this group are workers who:
470 +** {{{(i)}}} perform non-compulsory work without remuneration through or for organizations comprising market and non-market units, including self-help, mutual aid or community-based groups of which the worker is a member; and
471 +** (ii) produce goods or services for consumption by members of the worker’s own household or family.
472 +
477 477  == 5. Family helpers ==
478 478  
479 -**67. **//Family helpers// are workers who assist a family or household member in the production of goods or provision of services for household consumption, in a market-oriented enterprise operated by that person, or in a job held by that person as an employee or dependent contractor. They do not make the most important decisions affecting the economic unit and do not have responsibility for it. They may benefit from the outputs of their work in cash or in kind through intra-household transfers but do not receive an agreed wage or salary.
475 +67. //Family helpers// are workers who assist a family or household member in the production of goods or provision of services for household consumption, in a market-oriented enterprise operated by that person, or in a job held by that person as an employee or dependent contractor. They do not make the most important decisions affecting the economic unit and do not have responsibility for it. They may benefit from the outputs of their work in cash or in kind through intra-household transfers but do not receive an agreed wage or salary.
480 480  
481 -1. – Family helpers in own-use provision of services
482 -11. //Family helpers in own-use provision of services// assist a family or household member in the provision of services for household consumption.
483 -1. – Family helpers in own-use production of goods
484 -11. //Family he//lpers in own-use production of goods assist a family or household member in the production of goods for household consumption.
477 +=== 52 – Family helpers in own-use provision of services ===
485 485  
479 +68. //Family helpers in own-use provision of services// assist a family or household member in the provision of services for household consumption.
480 +
481 +=== 53 – Family helpers in own-use production of goods ===
482 +
483 +69. //Family he//lpers in own-use production of goods assist a family or household member in the production of goods for household consumption.
484 +
486 486  == 6. Unpaid trainee workers ==
487 487  
488 -**70. **//Unpaid trainee workers //are persons in unpaid trainee work as defined in the most recent international statistical standards concerning work, employment and labour underutilization (Currently the 19th ICLS resolution 1, paragraphs 33 to 35).
487 +70. //Unpaid trainee workers //are persons in unpaid trainee work as defined in the most recent international statistical standards concerning work, employment and labour underutilization (Currently the 19th ICLS resolution 1, paragraphs 33 to 35).
489 489  
490 490  == 7. Organization-based volunteers ==
491 491  
492 492  **71. **//Organization-based volunteers //are workers who perform any unpaid non-compulsory activities to produce goods or provide services for others through or for organizations comprising market and non-market units.
493 493  
494 -1. Included in this group are workers who produce goods or provide services for others through or for self-help, mutual aid, or community-based groups.
495 -1. Excluded from this group are:
496 -11. unpaid apprentices, trainees and interns;
497 -11. workers performing unpaid compulsory activities; (iii) direct volunteers.
493 +* (a) Included in this group are workers who produce goods or provide services for others through or for self-help, mutual aid, or community-based groups.
494 +* (b) Excluded from this group are:
495 +** {{{(i)}}} unpaid apprentices, trainees and interns;
496 +** (ii) workers performing unpaid compulsory activities; (iii) direct volunteers.
498 498  
499 499  == 9. Other unpaid workers ==
500 500  
501 -**72. **//Other unpaid workers// are workers who cannot be classified in any other groups in the International Classification of Status at Work. They include workers performing activities such as unpaid community service and unpaid work by prisoners, when ordered by a court or similar authority, and unpaid military or civilian service.
500 +72. //Other unpaid workers// are workers who cannot be classified in any other groups in the International Classification of Status at Work. They include workers performing activities such as unpaid community service and unpaid work by prisoners, when ordered by a court or similar authority, and unpaid military or civilian service.
502 502  
503 503  = Cross-cutting variables and categories =
504 504  
505 -1. To provide complete and coherent statistics on work relationships, information is needed on characteristics of jobs and work activities that are not measured in the classifications of status at work and status in employment. This information should be measured through a set of variables and categories based on characteristics associated with the degree of risk, stability and permanence of a particular employment or work arrangement and provide definitions for situations that may be represented in several categories of the classifications by status. They may be used for the generation of statistics in their own right, or combined in output with relevant status categories to construct output classifications relevant for national purposes.
506 -1. The following cross-cutting variables are required to compile statistics on the detailed categories in ICSE-18: 
507 -11. duration of work agreement;
508 -11. type of employment agreement;
509 -11. contractual hours of work;
510 -11. forms of remuneration;
511 -11. place of work;
512 -11. job-dependent social protection coverage;
513 -11. reason for non-permanent employment.
514 -1. While not required for the compilation of statistics on status in employment, the following variables and categories are essential for the compilation of coherent statistics on work relationships or for the identification of important groups of interest:
515 -11. duration of employment in the current economic unit;
516 -11. seasonal workers; full-time/part-time status;
517 -11. domestic workers;
518 -11. home-based workers;
519 -11. multi-party work relationships;
520 -11. paid annual leave;
521 -11. paid sick leave.
522 -1. The following additional cross-cutting variables and categories are recommended: (a) number of employees in the economic unit in which the worker is employed; (b) main form of remuneration.
504 +73. To provide complete and coherent statistics on work relationships, information is needed on characteristics of jobs and work activities that are not measured in the classifications of status at work and status in employment. This information should be measured through a set of variables and categories based on characteristics associated with the degree of risk, stability and permanence of a particular employment or work arrangement and provide definitions for situations that may be represented in several categories of the classifications by status. They may be used for the generation of statistics in their own right, or combined in output with relevant status categories to construct output classifications relevant for national purposes.
523 523  
506 +74. The following cross-cutting variables are required to compile statistics on the detailed categories in ICSE-18:
507 +
508 +* (a) duration of work agreement;
509 +* (b) type of employment agreement;
510 +* (c) contractual hours of work;
511 +* (d) forms of remuneration;
512 +* (e) place of work;
513 +* (f) job-dependent social protection coverage;
514 +* (g) reason for non-permanent employment.
515 +
516 +75. While not required for the compilation of statistics on status in employment, the following variables and categories are essential for the compilation of coherent statistics on work relationships or for the identification of important groups of interest:
517 +
518 +* (a) duration of employment in the current economic unit;
519 +* (b) seasonal workers; full-time/part-time status;
520 +* (c) domestic workers;
521 +* (d) home-based workers;
522 +* (e) multi-party work relationships;
523 +* (f) paid annual leave;
524 +* (g) paid sick leave.
525 +
526 +76. The following additional cross-cutting variables and categories are recommended:
527 +
528 +* (a) number of employees in the economic unit in which the worker is employed;
529 +* (b) main form of remuneration.
530 +
524 524  = Duration of the job or work activity and hours of work =
525 525  
526 -**77. **Since many of the detailed categories in ICSE-18 include jobs which differ significantly in their capacity to provide ongoing and full employment, statistics classified by status in employment, and particularly the subcategories of employees, should be complemented by information on both the duration of the work arrangement and on hours worked. Two variables on the duration of the job or work activity are necessary to provide a full understanding of the temporal stability of work relationships and to assess the extent to which workers without permanent employment relationships have ongoing employment and income security. These are //Duration of work contract //and //Duration of employment in the current economic unit.//
533 +77. Since many of the detailed categories in ICSE-18 include jobs which differ significantly in their capacity to provide ongoing and full employment, statistics classified by status in employment, and particularly the subcategories of employees, should be complemented by information on both the duration of the work arrangement and on hours worked. Two variables on the duration of the job or work activity are necessary to provide a full understanding of the temporal stability of work relationships and to assess the extent to which workers without permanent employment relationships have ongoing employment and income security. These are //Duration of work contract //and //Duration of employment in the current economic unit.//
527 527  
528 528  == Duration of work agreement ==
529 529  
530 -1. //Duration of work agreement //refers to the period of time from the beginning to the end of a written or oral work contract, or in the absence of a contract specifying the duration, to the date on which it is expected the employment will terminate. If the agreement does not specify the duration of the employment and there is no expected date or event on which the employment will terminate, other than the age or time for retirement, the duration is considered to be “without stated limit of time”. This variable is required for the derivation of the subcategories of employees but may also apply to unpaid trainees and volunteers.
531 -1. When a worker has had a series of ongoing renewed temporary contracts with the same economic unit, the duration of work agreement should be based on the duration of the current (most recent) contract.
537 +78. //Duration of work agreement //refers to the period of time from the beginning to the end of a written or oral work contract, or in the absence of a contract specifying the duration, to the date on which it is expected the employment will terminate. If the agreement does not specify the duration of the employment and there is no expected date or event on which the employment will terminate, other than the age or time for retirement, the duration is considered to be “without stated limit of time”. This variable is required for the derivation of the subcategories of employees but may also apply to unpaid trainees and volunteers.
532 532  
539 +79. When a worker has had a series of ongoing renewed temporary contracts with the same economic unit, the duration of work agreement should be based on the duration of the current (most recent) contract.
540 +
533 533  == Duration of employment in the current economic unit ==
534 534  
535 -1. //Duration of employment in the current economic unit// refers to the time elapsed since the worker started work with a particular economic unit and can be applied to all statuses in employment. The concept of the duration of work in the current economic unit can also be applied to activities in forms of work other than employment.
536 -1. When a worker has had a series of renewed temporary engagements with the same economic unit, the duration of employment in that current economic unit should be based on the total duration since the first engagement, unless the gap between engagements was one month or longer. When a worker has been transferred between different establishments or locations within an enterprise, or enterprise group, or between different ministries or departments within the same government, duration in the current economic unit should be based on the highest level institutional unit considered as a single economic unit.
543 +80. //Duration of employment in the current economic unit// refers to the time elapsed since the worker started work with a particular economic unit and can be applied to all statuses in employment. The concept of the duration of work in the current economic unit can also be applied to activities in forms of work other than employment.
537 537  
545 +81. When a worker has had a series of renewed temporary engagements with the same economic unit, the duration of employment in that current economic unit should be based on the total duration since the first engagement, unless the gap between engagements was one month or longer. When a worker has been transferred between different establishments or locations within an enterprise, or enterprise group, or between different ministries or departments within the same government, duration in the current economic unit should be based on the highest level institutional unit considered as a single economic unit.
546 +
538 538  == Categories for the presentation of statistics on duration of the job or work activity ==
539 539  
540 540  1. The following categories should be included in standard statistical outputs for the two variables describing the duration of the job or work activity:
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