Changes for page Revised draft resolution concerning statistics on work relationships

Last modified by Artur K. on 2026/05/29 14:28

From 2.31 to 2.30 From 2.41 to 2.40

From version 2.40

edited by Helena K.
on 2026/01/15 22:30

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To version 2.31

edited by Helena K.
on 2026/01/15 22:13

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@@ -115,7 +115,7 @@
 . Workers in employment for pay are employed persons who receive, or expect to receive, remuneration in cash or in kind, in return for time worked or for each piece or service produced. They include both employees and owner-operators of corporations who hold a job in an incorporated enterprise which they own and control.
--= The International Classification of Status in Employment (ICSE-18) =
++= The International Classification of Status  in Employment (ICSE-18) =
 . The International Classification of Status in Employment (ICSE-18) classifies jobs in employment for pay or profit into ten detailed categories based on the concepts of type of authority and type of economic risk described above. These categories may be aggregated according to two alternative classification hierarchies: the //International Classification of Status in Employment according to type of authority (ICSE-18-A) //and the //International Classification of Status in Employment according to type of economic risk (ICSE-18-R).//
@@ -163,7 +163,7 @@
 . The classification according to type of authority is also the most suitable hierarchy for use as an input variable in the compilation of statistics classified by socio-economic status.
--== Classification of Status in Employment according to type of economic risk (ICSE-18-R) ==
++== Classification of Status in Employment according  to type of economic risk (ICSE-18-R) ==
 . ICSE-18-R provides a dichotomy between employment for pay and employment for profit. This latter dichotomy is analogous to the traditional distinction between paid employment and self-employment, used for example in the SNA.
@@ -239,7 +239,7 @@
 . Own-account workers in household market enterprises without employees are workers who operate an unincorporated market enterprise for profit, alone or with one or more partners or contributing family workers, and do not employ any persons to work in the enterprise as an employee.
--== F. Independent workers in household market enterprises ==
++== F. Independent workers in household  market enterprises ==
 . Independent workers in household market enterprises are workers who operate an unincorporated market enterprise for profit, alone or with one or more partners or contributing family workers. They may or may not be able to provide a complete set of accounts for the activities of the enterprise. They include:
@@ -310,7 +310,7 @@
  * (a) there is no specified date or event on which the employment will be terminated other than any age or time for retirement that may apply in the economic unit concerned;
  * (b) the employer agrees to provide work and pay for a specified number of hours or to pay for the number of goods or services produced in a set period; and
--* (c) the worker agrees to work for at least the specified number of hours, or for the time required to produce a specified number of goods or services.
++* (c) the worker agrees to work for at least the specified number of hours, or for the time required to produce a specified number of goods or services. // //
  === 42 – Fixed-term employees ===
@@ -319,7 +319,7 @@
  * (a) there is a specified date, other than any age or time for retirement, on which the employment will be terminated, or an event such as the end of the harvest or completion of a construction or other project, which will lead to termination of employment;
  * (b) the total duration of the employment is expected to be at least three months from the first day of employment to the expected final day of employment;
  * (c) the employer agrees to provide work and pay for a specified number of hours, or to pay for the number of goods or services produced, in a set period; and
--* (d) the worker agrees to work for at least the specified number of hours, or for the time required to produce a specified number of goods or services.
++* (d) the worker agrees to work for at least the specified number of hours, or for the time required to produce a specified number of goods or services. // //
 . Fixed-term employees include:
@@ -364,167 +364,155 @@
  == E. Contributing family workers ==
--57.** **//Contributing family workers// assist a family member or household member in a market-oriented enterprise operated by the family or household member, or in a job in which the assisted family or household member is an employee or dependent contractor. They do not receive regular payments, such as a wage or salary, in return for the work performed, but may benefit in kind or receive irregular payments in cash as a result of the outputs of their work through family or intra-household transfers, derived from the profits of the enterprise or from the income of the other person. They do not make the most important decisions affecting the enterprise or have responsibility for it.
++**57. **//Contributing family workers// assist a family member or household member in a market-oriented enterprise operated by the family or household member, or in a job in which the assisted family or household member is an employee or dependent contractor. They do not receive regular payments, such as a wage or salary, in return for the work performed, but may benefit in kind or receive irregular payments in cash as a result of the outputs of their work through family or intra-household transfers, derived from the profits of the enterprise or from the income of the other person. They do not make the most important decisions affecting the enterprise or have responsibility for it.
  = International Classification of Status at Work (ICSaW-18) =
--58. The International Classification of Status at Work (ICSaW-18) provides an organizing framework for statistics classified by status at work from various sources. It is not expected that all of its categories will be collected with the same frequency, or used for the presentation of statistics from any particular source. It covers all jobs and work activities in all forms of work, including own-use production work, employment, unpaid trainee work, volunteer work and other forms of work. It comprises, at its most detailed level, 20 mutually exclusive categories, defined on the basis of the type of authority that the worker is able to exercise and the type of economic risk to which he or she is exposed in a particular job or work activity.
++1. The International Classification of Status at Work (ICSaW-18) provides an organizing framework for statistics classified by status at work from various sources. It is not expected that all of its categories will be collected with the same frequency, or used for the presentation of statistics from any particular source. It covers all jobs and work activities in all forms of work, including own-use production work, employment, unpaid trainee work, volunteer work and other forms of work. It comprises, at its most detailed level, 20 mutually exclusive categories, defined on the basis of the type of authority that the worker is able to exercise and the type of economic risk to which he or she is exposed in a particular job or work activity.
++1. The detailed status at work categories may be aggregated, based on the type of authority exercised by the worker, to form eight broad status-at-work groups which may be aggregated to form a dichotomy between dependent workers and independent workers, according to the following hierarchy.
--59. The detailed status at work categories may be aggregated, based on the type of authority exercised by the worker, to form eight broad status-at-work groups which may be aggregated to form a dichotomy between dependent workers and independent workers, according to the following hierarchy.
++                              **I.     Independent workers**
--**I. Independent workers**
++                              ~1.     Employers
--~1. Employers
++1.
++11. – Employers in corporations
++11. – Employers in household market enterprises
++11. – Employers in own-use provision of services
++11. – Employers in own-use production of goods
--11 – Employers in corporations
--12 – Employers in household market enterprises
--13 – Employers in own-use provision of services
--14 – Employers in own-use production of goods
++                         2.     Independent workers without employees
-- 2. Independent workers without employees
++1. – Owner-operators of corporations without employees
++1. – Own-account workers in household market enterprises without employees
++1. – Independent workers in own-use provision of services without employees
++1. – Independent workers in own-use production of goods without employees
++1. – Direct volunteers
--21 – Owner-operators of corporations without employees
--
--22 – Own-account workers in household market enterprises without employees
--23 – Independent workers in own-use provision of services without employees
--24 – Independent workers in own-use production of goods without employees
--25 – Direct volunteers
--
  **D. Dependent workers**
--3. Dependent contractors
++1. Dependent contractors
 – Dependent contractors
--4. Employees
++1. Employees
++11. – Permanent employees
++11. – Fixed-term employees
++11. – Short-term and casual employees
++11. – Paid apprentices, trainees and interns
++1. Family helpers
++11. – Contributing family workers
++11. – Family helpers in own-use provision of services
++11. – Family helpers in own-use production of goods
++1. Unpaid trainee workers
--41 – Permanent employees
--42 – Fixed-term employees
--43 – Short-term and casual employees
--44 – Paid apprentices, trainees and interns
--
--5. Family helpers
--
--51 – Contributing family workers
--52 – Family helpers in own-use provision of services
--53 – Family helpers in own-use production of goods
--
--6. Unpaid trainee workers
--
 – Unpaid trainee workers
--7. Organization-based volunteers
++1. Organization-based volunteers
 – Organization-based volunteers
--9. Other unpaid workers
++                         9.     Other unpaid workers
 – Other unpaid workers
--60. Each of the detailed status at work groups in ICSaW-18 relates to only one form of work. The groups that relate to employment have the same definitions as in ICSE-18. The aggregate groups that include both employment and other forms of work, have a broader scope in ICSaW-18 than in ICSE-18-A and in some cases are assigned a different name.
++1. Each of the detailed status at work groups in ICSaW-18 relates to only one form of work. The groups that relate to employment have the same definitions as in ICSE-18. The aggregate groups that include both employment and other forms of work, have a broader scope in ICSaW-18 than in ICSE-18-A and in some cases are assigned a different name.
++1. Subsets of the detailed categories in ICSaW-18 may be used to present statistics on work relationships in own-use production work, employment, volunteer work, child labour and time-use on a conceptually consistent basis, regardless of the scope and source of the statistics. The categories for own-use production work and volunteer work may be aggregated according to the form of work as follows:
++11. Workers in own-use production
++111. Workers in own-use provision of services
--61. Subsets of the detailed categories in ICSaW-18 may be used to present statistics on work relationships in own-use production work, employment, volunteer work, child labour and time-use on a conceptually consistent basis, regardless of the scope and source of the statistics. The categories for own-use production work and volunteer work may be aggregated according to the form of work as follows:
--
--* (a) Workers in own-use production
--** {{{(i)}}} Workers in own-use provision of services
--
 – Employers in own-use provision of services
++
 – Independent workers in own-use provision of services without employees
--52 – Family helpers in own-use provision of services
--*
--** (ii) Workers in own-use production of goods
++1.
++11.
++111.
++1111. – Family helpers in own-use provision of services
++111. Workers in own-use production of goods
 – Employers in own-use production of goods
++
 – Independent workers in own-use production of goods without employees
--52 – Family helpers in own-use production of goods
--* (b) Volunteer workers
++1.
++11.
++111.
++1111. – Family helpers in own-use production of goods
++11. Volunteer workers
 – Direct volunteers
++
 – Organization-based volunteers
--== Definitions of the categories in ICSaW-18 that are not included in ICSE-18 ==
++= Definitions of the categories in ICSaW-18  that are not included in ICSE-18 =
--=== 13 – Employers in own-use provision of services ===
++1. – Employers in own-use provision of services
++11. //Employers in own-use provision of services// are workers who perform any activity to provide services mainly for own final use, and employ one or more persons (including temporarily absent employees but excluding other members of their household) during the reference period as a domestic employee. They may sell part of these services to others, for example, by looking after children from other households for pay or barter, at the same time as mainly looking after their own children.
++1. – Employers in own-use production of goods
++11. //Employers in own-use production of goods// are workers who, during the reference period, employed one or more persons in return for payment in cash or in kind (including temporarily absent employees but excluding other members of their household) to produce goods mainly for consumption by the employer’s own household. A part or surplus of the goods intended mainly for own consumption may be sold or bartered.
--62. //Employers in own-use provision of services// are workers who perform any activity to provide services mainly for own final use, and employ one or more persons (including temporarily absent employees but excluding other members of their household) during the reference period as a domestic employee. They may sell part of these services to others, for example, by looking after children from other households for pay or barter, at the same time as mainly looking after their own children.
++1. – Independent workers in own-use provision  of services without employees
++11. //Independent workers in own-use provision of services// //without employees// are workers who perform any activity to provide services for own final use, but did not, during the reference period, employ any persons to work as a domestic employee. They may sell part of these services to others, for example by looking after children from other households for pay or barter, at the same time as mainly looking after their own children.
++1. – Independent workers in own-use production  of goods without employees
++11. //Independent workers in own-use production of goods// //without employees// are workers who, on their own account or with one or more partners, perform any activity to produce goods for own final use who do not, during the reference period, employ any persons to produce goods for pay in cash or in kind. A part or surplus of the goods intended mainly for own consumption may be sold or bartered.
++1. – Direct volunteers
++11. //Direct volunteers// are workers who, on their own account or in partnership with others, and independently of any organization or community group, perform any unpaid, noncompulsory activity to produce goods or provide services for other households.
--=== 14 – Employers in own-use production of goods ===
++(a) Excluded from this group are workers who:
--63. //Employers in own-use production of goods// are workers who, during the reference period, employed one or more persons in return for payment in cash or in kind (including temporarily absent employees but excluding other members of their household) to produce goods mainly for consumption by the employer’s own household. A part or surplus of the goods intended mainly for own consumption may be sold or bartered.
++1.
++11.
++111. perform non-compulsory work without remuneration through or for organizations comprising market and non-market units, including self-help, mutual aid or community-based groups of which the worker is a member; and
++111. produce goods or services for consumption by members of the worker’s own household or family.
--=== 23 – Independent workers in own-use provision of services without employees ===
--
--64. //Independent workers in own-use provision of services// //without employees// are workers who perform any activity to provide services for own final use, but did not, during the reference period, employ any persons to work as a domestic employee. They may sell part of these services to others, for example by looking after children from other households for pay or barter, at the same time as mainly looking after their own children.
--
--=== 24 – Independent workers in own-use production of goods without employees ===
--
--65. //Independent workers in own-use production of goods// //without employees// are workers who, on their own account or with one or more partners, perform any activity to produce goods for own final use who do not, during the reference period, employ any persons to produce goods for pay in cash or in kind. A part or surplus of the goods intended mainly for own consumption may be sold or bartered.
--
--=== 25 – Direct volunteers ===
--
--66. //Direct volunteers// are workers who, on their own account or in partnership with others, and independently of any organization or community group, perform any unpaid, noncompulsory activity to produce goods or provide services for other households.
--
--* (a) Excluded from this group are workers who:
--** {{{(i)}}} perform non-compulsory work without remuneration through or for organizations comprising market and non-market units, including self-help, mutual aid or community-based groups of which the worker is a member; and
--** (ii) produce goods or services for consumption by members of the worker’s own household or family.
--
  == 5. Family helpers ==
--67. //Family helpers// are workers who assist a family or household member in the production of goods or provision of services for household consumption, in a market-oriented enterprise operated by that person, or in a job held by that person as an employee or dependent contractor. They do not make the most important decisions affecting the economic unit and do not have responsibility for it. They may benefit from the outputs of their work in cash or in kind through intra-household transfers but do not receive an agreed wage or salary.
++**67. **//Family helpers// are workers who assist a family or household member in the production of goods or provision of services for household consumption, in a market-oriented enterprise operated by that person, or in a job held by that person as an employee or dependent contractor. They do not make the most important decisions affecting the economic unit and do not have responsibility for it. They may benefit from the outputs of their work in cash or in kind through intra-household transfers but do not receive an agreed wage or salary.
--=== 52 – Family helpers in own-use provision of services ===
++1. – Family helpers in own-use provision of services
++11. //Family helpers in own-use provision of services// assist a family or household member in the provision of services for household consumption.
++1. – Family helpers in own-use production of goods
++11. //Family he//lpers in own-use production of goods assist a family or household member in the production of goods for household consumption.
--68. //Family helpers in own-use provision of services// assist a family or household member in the provision of services for household consumption.
--
--=== 53 – Family helpers in own-use production of goods ===
--
--69. //Family he//lpers in own-use production of goods assist a family or household member in the production of goods for household consumption.
--
  == 6. Unpaid trainee workers ==
--70. //Unpaid trainee workers //are persons in unpaid trainee work as defined in the most recent international statistical standards concerning work, employment and labour underutilization (Currently the 19th ICLS resolution 1, paragraphs 33 to 35).
++**70. **//Unpaid trainee workers //are persons in unpaid trainee work as defined in the most recent international statistical standards concerning work, employment and labour underutilization (Currently the 19th ICLS resolution 1, paragraphs 33 to 35).
  == 7. Organization-based volunteers ==
  **71. **//Organization-based volunteers //are workers who perform any unpaid non-compulsory activities to produce goods or provide services for others through or for organizations comprising market and non-market units.
--* (a) Included in this group are workers who produce goods or provide services for others through or for self-help, mutual aid, or community-based groups.
--* (b) Excluded from this group are:
--** {{{(i)}}} unpaid apprentices, trainees and interns;
--** (ii) workers performing unpaid compulsory activities; (iii) direct volunteers.
++1. Included in this group are workers who produce goods or provide services for others through or for self-help, mutual aid, or community-based groups.
++1. Excluded from this group are:
++11. unpaid apprentices, trainees and interns;
++11. workers performing unpaid compulsory activities; (iii) direct volunteers.
  == 9. Other unpaid workers ==
--72. //Other unpaid workers// are workers who cannot be classified in any other groups in the International Classification of Status at Work. They include workers performing activities such as unpaid community service and unpaid work by prisoners, when ordered by a court or similar authority, and unpaid military or civilian service.
++**72. **//Other unpaid workers// are workers who cannot be classified in any other groups in the International Classification of Status at Work. They include workers performing activities such as unpaid community service and unpaid work by prisoners, when ordered by a court or similar authority, and unpaid military or civilian service.
  = Cross-cutting variables and categories =
--73. To provide complete and coherent statistics on work relationships, information is needed on characteristics of jobs and work activities that are not measured in the classifications of status at work and status in employment. This information should be measured through a set of variables and categories based on characteristics associated with the degree of risk, stability and permanence of a particular employment or work arrangement and provide definitions for situations that may be represented in several categories of the classifications by status. They may be used for the generation of statistics in their own right, or combined in output with relevant status categories to construct output classifications relevant for national purposes.
++1. To provide complete and coherent statistics on work relationships, information is needed on characteristics of jobs and work activities that are not measured in the classifications of status at work and status in employment. This information should be measured through a set of variables and categories based on characteristics associated with the degree of risk, stability and permanence of a particular employment or work arrangement and provide definitions for situations that may be represented in several categories of the classifications by status. They may be used for the generation of statistics in their own right, or combined in output with relevant status categories to construct output classifications relevant for national purposes.
++1. The following cross-cutting variables are required to compile statistics on the detailed categories in ICSE-18:
++11. duration of work agreement;
++11. type of employment agreement;
++11. contractual hours of work;
++11. forms of remuneration;
++11. place of work;
++11. job-dependent social protection coverage;
++11. reason for non-permanent employment.
++1. While not required for the compilation of statistics on status in employment, the following variables and categories are essential for the compilation of coherent statistics on work relationships or for the identification of important groups of interest:
++11. duration of employment in the current economic unit;
++11. seasonal workers; full-time/part-time status;
++11. domestic workers;
++11. home-based workers;
++11. multi-party work relationships;
++11. paid annual leave;
++11. paid sick leave.
++1. The following additional cross-cutting variables and categories are recommended: (a) number of employees in the economic unit in which the worker is employed; (b) main form of remuneration.
--74. The following cross-cutting variables are required to compile statistics on the detailed categories in ICSE-18:
--
--* () duration of work agreement;
--* () type of employment agreement;
--* () contractual hours of work;
--* () forms of remuneration;
--* () place of work;
--* () job-dependent social protection coverage;
--* () reason for non-permanent employment.
--
--75. While not required for the compilation of statistics on status in employment, the following variables and categories are essential for the compilation of coherent statistics on work relationships or for the identification of important groups of interest:
--
--* () duration of employment in the current economic unit;
--* () seasonal workers; full-time/part-time status;
--* () domestic workers;
--* () home-based workers;
--* () multi-party work relationships;
--* () paid annual leave;
--* () paid sick leave.
--
--76. The following additional cross-cutting variables and categories are recommended: (a) number of employees in the economic unit in which the worker is employed; (b) main form of remuneration.
--
  = Duration of the job or work activity and hours of work =
  **77. **Since many of the detailed categories in ICSE-18 include jobs which differ significantly in their capacity to provide ongoing and full employment, statistics classified by status in employment, and particularly the subcategories of employees, should be complemented by information on both the duration of the work arrangement and on hours worked. Two variables on the duration of the job or work activity are necessary to provide a full understanding of the temporal stability of work relationships and to assess the extent to which workers without permanent employment relationships have ongoing employment and income security. These are //Duration of work contract //and //Duration of employment in the current economic unit.//
@@ -587,9 +587,9 @@
 . //Form of remuneration// refers to the basis on which a worker is paid, rather than on the form of payment (e.g. cash or in kind). It should specify the information relevant to understand the nature of the employment relationship, but not necessarily other aspects of remuneration. The variable “forms of remuneration” is required to assist with identification of the status in employment categories and should include information about all forms of remuneration received by the worker in a particular job. A separate recommended variable on “main form of remuneration”, provides additional information that may be collected by adding an additional question.
 . At a minimum, the following categories are needed:
--■ for time worked (including wage or salary);
++                         ■     for time worked (including wage or salary);
--■ by the piece;
++                         ■     by the piece;
  |■|commission;
  |■|fee for service;