Wiki source code of 10 Constraints

Version 15.2 by Helena on 2025/05/17 00:19

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14.1	1	{{box title="Contents"}}
	2	{{toc/}}
	3	{{/box}}
2.1	4
	5	== 10.1 Introduction ==
	6
15.2	7	A (% style="color:#2ecc71" %)Constraint(%%) is a [[Maintainable Artefact>>doc:xwiki:Glossary.Maintainable artefact.WebHome]] that can be associated to one or more of:
2.1	8
	9	* Data Structure Definition
	10	* Metadata Structure Definition
15.2	11	* [[Dataflow>>doc:xwiki:Glossary.Dataflow.WebHome]]
	12	* [[Metadataflow>>doc:xwiki:Glossary.Metadataflow.WebHome]]
	13	* [[Provision Agreement>>doc:xwiki:Glossary.Provision agreement.WebHome]]
	14	* Metadata [[Provision Agreement>>doc:xwiki:Glossary.Provision agreement.WebHome]]
	15	* [[Data Provider>>doc:xwiki:Glossary.Data provider.WebHome]] or Metadata Provider (this is restricted to a [[Release Calendar>>doc:xwiki:Glossary.Release policy - release calendar.WebHome]] (% style="color:#2ecc71" %)Constraint(%%))
2.1	16	* Simple or Queryable Data Sources
	17	* Dataset
	18	* Metadataset
	19
15.2	20	Note that regardless of the [[Artefact>>doc:xwiki:Glossary.Artefact.WebHome]] to which the (% style="color:#2ecc71" %)Constraint(%%) is associated, it is constraining the contents of [[code lists>>doc:xwiki:Glossary.Code list.WebHome]] in the [[DSD>>doc:xwiki:Glossary.Data structure definition.WebHome]] to which the constrained object is related. This does not apply, of course, to a Metadata/[[Data Provider>>doc:xwiki:Glossary.Data provider.WebHome]] as the latter can be associated, via the (Metadata) [[Provision Agreement>>doc:xwiki:Glossary.Provision agreement.WebHome]], to many MSDs/DSDs. Hence the reason for the restriction on the type of (% style="color:#2ecc71" %)Constraint(%%) that can be attached to a Metadata/[[Data Provider>>doc:xwiki:Glossary.Data provider.WebHome]].
2.1	21
	22	== 10.2 Types of Constraint ==
	23
15.2	24	The (% style="color:#2ecc71" %)Constraint(%%) can be of one of two types:
2.1	25
15.2	26	* Data (% style="color:#2ecc71" %)constraint
	27	* Metadata (% style="color:#2ecc71" %)constraint
2.1	28
15.2	29	The Data (% style="color:#2ecc71" %)Constraint(%%) may serve two different perspectives, depending on the way the latter is retrieved. These are:
2.1	30
15.2	31	* Allowed (% style="color:#2ecc71" %)constraint
	32	* Actual (% style="color:#2ecc71" %)constraint
2.1	33
15.2	34	The former (allowed – also valid for Metadata (% style="color:#2ecc71" %)Constraint(%%)) is specified by a data or metadata provider or consumer for sharing the allowed data and metadata in the context of their [[DSD>>doc:xwiki:Glossary.Data structure definition.WebHome]] or [[MSD>>doc:xwiki:Glossary.Metadata structure definition.WebHome]] exchanges, e.g., only Monthly data for a specific [[Dataflow>>doc:xwiki:Glossary.Dataflow.WebHome]]. The latter (actual) is a dynamic (% style="color:#2ecc71" %)Constraint(%%) in response to an availability request (only possible for data).
2.1	35
15.2	36	For Actual Data (% style="color:#2ecc71" %)Constraints(%%), there a few characteristics that are worth noting:
2.1	37
	38	* They can only be retrieved by the availability requests (as specified in the REST API).
15.2	39	* They depend on the data available in an [[SDMX>>doc:xwiki:Glossary.Statistical data and metadata exchange.WebHome]] Web Service and thus they can only be dynamically generated according to that data.
	40	* Although they are [[Maintainable Artefacts>>doc:xwiki:Glossary.Maintainable artefact.WebHome]], they cannot change independently of data; thus, they cannot be versioned (they are non-versioned, as explained in section 14).
2.1	41	* Their identifier may also be dynamically generated and thus there is no REST resource based on their identification.
	42
	43	== 10.3 Rules for a Constraint ==
	44
	45	=== 10.3.1 Scope of a Constraint ===
	46
15.2	47	A (% style="color:#2ecc71" %)Constraint(%%) is used specify the content of a data or metadata source in terms of the [[component>>doc:xwiki:Glossary.Component.WebHome]] values or the keys.
2.1	48
15.2	49	In terms of data the [[components>>doc:xwiki:Glossary.Component.WebHome]] are:
2.1	50
15.2	51	* [[Dimension>>doc:xwiki:Glossary.Dimension.WebHome]]
	52	* Time [[Dimension>>doc:xwiki:Glossary.Dimension.WebHome]]
	53	* Data [[Attribute>>doc:xwiki:Glossary.Attribute.WebHome]]
	54	* [[Measure>>doc:xwiki:Glossary.Measure.WebHome]]
	55	* Metadata [[Attribute>>doc:xwiki:Glossary.Attribute.WebHome]]
	56	* DataKeySets: the keys are the content of the KeyDescriptor – i.e., the [[series keys>>doc:xwiki:Glossary.Series key.WebHome]] composed, for each key, by a value for each [[Dimension>>doc:xwiki:Glossary.Dimension.WebHome]].
2.1	57
15.2	58	In terms of [[reference metadata>>doc:xwiki:Glossary.Reference metadata.WebHome]] the [[components>>doc:xwiki:Glossary.Component.WebHome]] are:
2.1	59
15.2	60	* Metadata [[Attribute>>doc:xwiki:Glossary.Attribute.WebHome]]
2.1	61
15.2	62	For a (% style="color:#2ecc71" %)Constraint(%%) based on a [[DSD>>doc:xwiki:Glossary.Data structure definition.WebHome]] the (% style="color:#2ecc71" %)Constraint(%%) can reference one or more of:
2.1	63
	64	* Data Structure Definition
15.2	65	* [[Dataflow>>doc:xwiki:Glossary.Dataflow.WebHome]]
	66	* [[Provision Agreement>>doc:xwiki:Glossary.Provision agreement.WebHome]]
	67	* [[Data Provider>>doc:xwiki:Glossary.Data provider.WebHome]]
2.1	68
15.2	69	For a (% style="color:#2ecc71" %)Constraint(%%) based on an [[MSD>>doc:xwiki:Glossary.Metadata structure definition.WebHome]] the (% style="color:#2ecc71" %)Constraint(%%) can reference one or more of:
2.1	70
	71	* Metadata Structure Definition
15.2	72	* [[Metadataflow>>doc:xwiki:Glossary.Metadataflow.WebHome]]
	73	* Metadata [[Provision Agreement>>doc:xwiki:Glossary.Provision agreement.WebHome]]
2.1	74	* Metadata Provider
	75	* Metadata Set
	76
15.2	77	Furthermore, there can be more than one (% style="color:#2ecc71" %)Constraint(%%) specified for a specific object e.g., more than one (% style="color:#2ecc71" %)Constraint(%%) for a specific [[DSD>>doc:xwiki:Glossary.Data structure definition.WebHome]].
2.1	78
15.2	79	In view of the flexibility of (% style="color:#2ecc71" %)constraints(%%) attachment, clear rules on their usage are required. These are elaborated below.
2.1	80
	81	=== 10.3.2 Multiple Constraints ===
	82
15.2	83	There can be many (% style="color:#2ecc71" %)Constraints(%%) for any Constrainable [[Artefact>>doc:xwiki:Glossary.Artefact.WebHome]] (e.g., [[DSD>>doc:xwiki:Glossary.Data structure definition.WebHome]]), subject to the following restrictions:
2.1	84
14.1	85	==== 10.3.2.1 Cube Region ====
2.1	86
15.2	87	A (% style="color:#2ecc71" %)Constraint(%%) can contain multiple [[Member Selections>>doc:xwiki:Glossary.Member selection.WebHome]] (e.g., [[Dimensions>>doc:xwiki:Glossary.Dimension.WebHome]]).
2.1	88
15.2	89	* A specific [[Member Selection>>doc:xwiki:Glossary.Member selection.WebHome]] (e.g., [[Dimension>>doc:xwiki:Glossary.Dimension.WebHome]] FREQ) can only be contained in one Cube Region for any one attached object (e.g., a specific [[DSD>>doc:xwiki:Glossary.Data structure definition.WebHome]] or specific [[Dataflow>>doc:xwiki:Glossary.Dataflow.WebHome]]).
	90	* [[Component>>doc:xwiki:Glossary.Component.WebHome]] values within a [[Member Selection>>doc:xwiki:Glossary.Member selection.WebHome]] may define a validity period. Otherwise, the value is valid for the whole validity of the Cube Region.
	91	* For partial reference resolution purposes (as per the [[SDMX>>doc:xwiki:Glossary.Statistical data and metadata exchange.WebHome]] REST API), the latest non-draft (% style="color:#2ecc71" %)Constraint(%%) must be considered.
	92	* A [[Member Selection>>doc:xwiki:Glossary.Member selection.WebHome]] may include wildcarding of values (using character ‘%’ to represent zero or more occurrences of any character), as well as cascading through hierarchic structures (e.g., parents in Codelist), or localised values (e.g., text for English only). Lack of locale means any language may match. Cascading values are mutual exclusive to localised values, as the former refer to coded values, while the latter refer to uncoded values.
	93	* Any values included in a [[Member Selection>>doc:xwiki:Glossary.Member selection.WebHome]] for [[Components>>doc:xwiki:Glossary.Component.WebHome]] with an array data type (i.e., [[Measures>>doc:xwiki:Glossary.Measure.WebHome]], [[Attributes>>doc:xwiki:Glossary.Attribute.WebHome]] or Metadata [[Attributes>>doc:xwiki:Glossary.Attribute.WebHome]]), will be applied as single values and will not be assessed combined with other values to match all possible array values. For example, including the [[Code>>doc:xwiki:Glossary.Code.WebHome]] ‘A’ for an [[Attribute>>doc:xwiki:Glossary.Attribute.WebHome]] will allow any instance of the [[Attribute>>doc:xwiki:Glossary.Attribute.WebHome]] that includes ‘A’, like [‘A’, ‘B’] or [‘A’, ‘C’, ‘D’]. Similarly, if [[Code>>doc:xwiki:Glossary.Code.WebHome]] ‘A’ was excluded, all those arrays of values would also be excluded.
2.1	94
14.1	95	==== 10.3.2.2 Key Set ====
2.1	96
15.2	97	Key Sets will be processed in the order they appear in the (% style="color:#2ecc71" %)Constraint(%%) and wildcards can be used (e.g., any key position not reference explicitly is deemed to be "all values").
2.1	98
15.2	99	As the Key Sets can be "included" or "excluded" it is recommended that Key Sets with wildcards are declared before KeySets with specific [[series keys>>doc:xwiki:Glossary.Series key.WebHome]]. This will minimize the risk that keys are inadvertently included or excluded.
2.1	100
15.2	101	In addition, [[Attribute>>doc:xwiki:Glossary.Attribute.WebHome]], [[Measure>>doc:xwiki:Glossary.Measure.WebHome]] and Metadata [[Attribute>>doc:xwiki:Glossary.Attribute.WebHome]] (% style="color:#2ecc71" %)constraints(%%) may accompany KeySets, in order to specify the allowed values per Key. Those are expressed following the rules for Cube Regions, as explained above.
2.1	102
	103	Finally, a validity period may be specified per Key.
	104
	105	=== 10.3.3 Inheritance of a Constraint ===
	106
14.1	107	==== 10.3.3.1 Attachment levels of a Constraint ====
2.1	108
15.2	109	There are three (% style="color:#2ecc71" %)levels(%%) of (% style="color:#2ecc71" %)constraint(%%) attachment for which these inheritance rules apply:
2.1	110
15.2	111	• [[DSD>>doc:xwiki:Glossary.Data structure definition.WebHome]]/[[MSD>>doc:xwiki:Glossary.Metadata structure definition.WebHome]] – top (% style="color:#2ecc71" %)level(%%) o [[Dataflow>>doc:xwiki:Glossary.Dataflow.WebHome]]/[[Metadataflow>>doc:xwiki:Glossary.Metadataflow.WebHome]] – second (% style="color:#2ecc71" %)level
2.1	112
15.2	113	▪ [[Provision Agreement>>doc:xwiki:Glossary.Provision agreement.WebHome]] – third (% style="color:#2ecc71" %)level
2.1	114
15.2	115	Note that these rules do not apply to the Simple Datasource or Queryable Datasource; the (% style="color:#2ecc71" %)Constraint(%%)(s) attached to these [[artefacts>>doc:xwiki:Glossary.Artefact.WebHome]] are resolved for this [[artefact>>doc:xwiki:Glossary.Artefact.WebHome]] only and do not take into account (% style="color:#2ecc71" %)Constraints(%%) attached to other [[artefacts>>doc:xwiki:Glossary.Artefact.WebHome]] (e.g., [[Provision Agreement>>doc:xwiki:Glossary.Provision agreement.WebHome]], [[Dataflow>>doc:xwiki:Glossary.Dataflow.WebHome]], [[DSD>>doc:xwiki:Glossary.Data structure definition.WebHome]]).
2.1	116
15.2	117	It is not necessary for a (% style="color:#2ecc71" %)Constraint(%%) to be attached to a higher (% style="color:#2ecc71" %)level(%%) [[artefact>>doc:xwiki:Glossary.Artefact.WebHome]]. e.g., it is valid to have a (% style="color:#2ecc71" %)Constraint(%%) for a [[Provision Agreement>>doc:xwiki:Glossary.Provision agreement.WebHome]] where there are no (% style="color:#2ecc71" %)constraints(%%) attached the relevant [[dataflow>>doc:xwiki:Glossary.Dataflow.WebHome]] or [[DSD>>doc:xwiki:Glossary.Data structure definition.WebHome]].
2.1	118
14.1	119	==== 10.3.3.2 Cascade rules for processing Constraints ====
2.1	120
15.2	121	The processing of the (% style="color:#2ecc71" %)constraints(%%) on either [[Dataflow>>doc:xwiki:Glossary.Dataflow.WebHome]]/[[Metadataflow>>doc:xwiki:Glossary.Metadataflow.WebHome]] or [[Provision Agreement>>doc:xwiki:Glossary.Provision agreement.WebHome]] must take into account the (% style="color:#2ecc71" %)constraints(%%) declared at higher (% style="color:#2ecc71" %)levels(%%). The rules for the lower-(% style="color:#2ecc71" %)level(%%) (% style="color:#2ecc71" %)constraints(%%) (attached to [[Dataflow>>doc:xwiki:Glossary.Dataflow.WebHome]]/ [[Metadataflow>>doc:xwiki:Glossary.Metadataflow.WebHome]] and [[Provision Agreement>>doc:xwiki:Glossary.Provision agreement.WebHome]]) are detailed below.
2.1	122
15.2	123	Note that there can be a situation where a (% style="color:#2ecc71" %)constraint(%%) is specified at a lower (% style="color:#2ecc71" %)level(%%) before a (% style="color:#2ecc71" %)constraint(%%) is specified at a higher (% style="color:#2ecc71" %)level(%%). Therefore, it is possible that a higher-(% style="color:#2ecc71" %)level(%%) (% style="color:#2ecc71" %)constraint(%%) makes a lower-(% style="color:#2ecc71" %)level(%%) (% style="color:#2ecc71" %)constraint(%%) invalid. [[SDMX>>doc:xwiki:Glossary.Statistical data and metadata exchange.WebHome]] makes no rules on how such a conflict should be handled when processing the (% style="color:#2ecc71" %)constraint(%%) for attachment. However, the cascade rules on evaluating (% style="color:#2ecc71" %)constraints(%%) for usage are clear – the higher-(% style="color:#2ecc71" %)level(%%) (% style="color:#2ecc71" %)constraint(%%) takes precedence in any conflicts that result in a less restrictive specification at the lower (% style="color:#2ecc71" %)level(%%).
2.1	124
14.1	125	==== 10.3.3.3 Cube Region ====
2.1	126
15.2	127	It is not necessary to have a (% style="color:#2ecc71" %)Constraint(%%) on the higher-(% style="color:#2ecc71" %)level(%%) [[artefact>>doc:xwiki:Glossary.Artefact.WebHome]] (e.g., [[DSD>>doc:xwiki:Glossary.Data structure definition.WebHome]] referenced by the [[Dataflow>>doc:xwiki:Glossary.Dataflow.WebHome]]), but if there is such a (% style="color:#2ecc71" %)Constraint(%%) at the higher (% style="color:#2ecc71" %)level(%%)(s) then:
2.1	128
15.2	129	* The lower-(% style="color:#2ecc71" %)level(%%) (% style="color:#2ecc71" %)Constraint(%%) cannot be less restrictive than the (% style="color:#2ecc71" %)Constraint(%%) specified for the same [[Member Selection>>doc:xwiki:Glossary.Member selection.WebHome]] (e.g. [[Dimension>>doc:xwiki:Glossary.Dimension.WebHome]]) at the next higher (% style="color:#2ecc71" %)level(%%), which constrains that [[Member Selection>>doc:xwiki:Glossary.Member selection.WebHome]]. For example, if the [[Dimension>>doc:xwiki:Glossary.Dimension.WebHome]] FREQ is constrained to A, Q in a [[DSD>>doc:xwiki:Glossary.Data structure definition.WebHome]], then the (% style="color:#2ecc71" %)Constraint(%%) at the [[Dataflow>>doc:xwiki:Glossary.Dataflow.WebHome]] or [[Provision Agreement>>doc:xwiki:Glossary.Provision agreement.WebHome]] cannot be A, Q, M or even just M – it can only further constrain A, Q.
	130	* The (% style="color:#2ecc71" %)Constraint(%%) at the lower (% style="color:#2ecc71" %)level(%%) for any one [[Member Selection>>doc:xwiki:Glossary.Member selection.WebHome]] further constrains the content for the same [[Member Selection>>doc:xwiki:Glossary.Member selection.WebHome]] at the higher (% style="color:#2ecc71" %)level(%%)(s).
	131	* Any [[Member Selection>>doc:xwiki:Glossary.Member selection.WebHome]], which is not referenced in a (% style="color:#2ecc71" %)Constraint(%%), is deemed to be constrained according to the (% style="color:#2ecc71" %)Constraint(%%) specified at the next higher (% style="color:#2ecc71" %)level(%%) which (% style="color:#2ecc71" %)constraints(%%) that [[Member Selection>>doc:xwiki:Glossary.Member selection.WebHome]].
	132	* If there is a conflict when resolving the (% style="color:#2ecc71" %)Constraint(%%) in terms of a lower-(% style="color:#2ecc71" %)level(%%) (% style="color:#2ecc71" %)Constraint(%%) being less restrictive than a higher-(% style="color:#2ecc71" %)level(%%) (% style="color:#2ecc71" %)Constraint(%%), then the (% style="color:#2ecc71" %)Constraint(%%) at the higher-(% style="color:#2ecc71" %)level(%%) is used.
2.1	133
15.2	134	Note that it is possible for a (% style="color:#2ecc71" %)Constraint(%%) at a higher (% style="color:#2ecc71" %)level(%%) to constrain, say, four [[Dimensions>>doc:xwiki:Glossary.Dimension.WebHome]] in a single (% style="color:#2ecc71" %)Constraint(%%), and a (% style="color:#2ecc71" %)Constraint(%%) at a lower (% style="color:#2ecc71" %)level(%%) to constrain the same four in two, three, or four (% style="color:#2ecc71" %)Constraints(%%).
2.1	135
14.1	136	==== 10.3.3.4 Key Set ====
2.1	137
15.2	138	It is not necessary to have a (% style="color:#2ecc71" %)Constraint(%%) on the higher-(% style="color:#2ecc71" %)level(%%) [[artefact>>doc:xwiki:Glossary.Artefact.WebHome]] (e.g., [[DSD>>doc:xwiki:Glossary.Data structure definition.WebHome]] referenced by the [[Dataflow>>doc:xwiki:Glossary.Dataflow.WebHome]]), but if there is such a (% style="color:#2ecc71" %)Constraint(%%) at the higher (% style="color:#2ecc71" %)level(%%)(s) then:
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15.2	140	* The lower-(% style="color:#2ecc71" %)level(%%) (% style="color:#2ecc71" %)Constraint(%%) cannot be less restrictive than the (% style="color:#2ecc71" %)Constraint(%%) specified at the higher (% style="color:#2ecc71" %)level(%%).
	141	* The (% style="color:#2ecc71" %)Constraint(%%) at the lower (% style="color:#2ecc71" %)level(%%) for any one [[Member Selection>>doc:xwiki:Glossary.Member selection.WebHome]] further constrains the keys specified at the higher (% style="color:#2ecc71" %)level(%%)(s).
	142	* Any [[Member Selection>>doc:xwiki:Glossary.Member selection.WebHome]], which is not referenced in a (% style="color:#2ecc71" %)Constraint(%%), is deemed to be constrained according to the (% style="color:#2ecc71" %)Constraint(%%) specified at the next higher (% style="color:#2ecc71" %)level(%%) which (% style="color:#2ecc71" %)constraints(%%) that [[Member Selection>>doc:xwiki:Glossary.Member selection.WebHome]].
	143	* If there is a conflict when resolving the keys in the (% style="color:#2ecc71" %)Constraint(%%) at two (% style="color:#2ecc71" %)levels(%%), in terms of a lower-(% style="color:#2ecc71" %)level(%%) (% style="color:#2ecc71" %)constraint(%%) being less restrictive than a higher-(% style="color:#2ecc71" %)level(%%) (% style="color:#2ecc71" %)Constraint(%%), then the offending keys specified at the lower (% style="color:#2ecc71" %)level(%%) are not deemed part of the (% style="color:#2ecc71" %)Constraint(%%).
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15.2	145	Note that a Key in a Key Set can have wildcarded [[Components>>doc:xwiki:Glossary.Component.WebHome]]. For instance, the (% style="color:#2ecc71" %)Constraint(%%) may simply constrain the [[Dimension>>doc:xwiki:Glossary.Dimension.WebHome]] FREQ to "A", and all keys where the FREQ="A" are therefore valid.
2.1	146
	147	The following logic explains how the inheritance mechanism works. Note that this is conceptual logic and actual systems may differ in the way this is implemented.
	148
15.2	149	*
	150	*1. Determine all possible keys that are valid at the higher (% style="color:#2ecc71" %)level(%%).
	151	*1. These keys are deemed to be inherited by the lower-(% style="color:#2ecc71" %)level(%%) constrained object, subject to the (% style="color:#2ecc71" %)Constraints(%%) specified at the lower (% style="color:#2ecc71" %)level(%%).
	152	*1. Determine all possible keys that are possible using the (% style="color:#2ecc71" %)Constraints(%%) specified at the lower (% style="color:#2ecc71" %)level(%%).
	153	*1. At the lower (% style="color:#2ecc71" %)level(%%) inherit all keys that match with the higher-(% style="color:#2ecc71" %)level(%%) (% style="color:#2ecc71" %)Constraint(%%).
	154	*1. If there are keys in the lower-(% style="color:#2ecc71" %)level(%%) (% style="color:#2ecc71" %)Constraint(%%) that are not inherited then the key is invalid (i.e., it is less restrictive).
2.1	155
	156	=== 10.3.4 Constraints Examples ===
	157
14.2	158	==== 10.3.4.1 Data Constraint and Cascading ====
2.1	159
14.1	160	The following scenario is used.
	161
15.2	162	A [[DSD>>doc:xwiki:Glossary.Data structure definition.WebHome]] contains the following [[Dimensions>>doc:xwiki:Glossary.Dimension.WebHome]]:
2.1	163
	164	* GEO – Geography
	165	* SEX – Sex
	166	* AGE – Age
	167	* CAS – Current Activity Status
	168
15.2	169	In the [[DSD>>doc:xwiki:Glossary.Data structure definition.WebHome]], common [[code lists>>doc:xwiki:Glossary.Code list.WebHome]] are used and the requirement is to restrict these at various (% style="color:#2ecc71" %)levels(%%) to specify the actual [[code>>doc:xwiki:Glossary.Code.WebHome]] that are valid for the object to which the (% style="color:#2ecc71" %)Constraint(%%) is attached.
2.1	170
	171	[[image:SDMX 3-0-0 SECTION 6 FINAL-1.0_en_77bea5e.png\|\|height="344" width="554"]]
	172
14.1	173	Figure 20: Example Scenario for Constraints
2.1	174
14.1	175	Constraints are declared as follows:
	176
2.1	177	[[image:SDMX 3-0-0 SECTION 6 FINAL-1.0_en_7c36c475.png\|\|height="356" width="541"]]
	178
	179	Figure 21: Example Constraints
	180
	181	Notes:
	182
	183	AGE is constrained for the DSD and is further restricted for the Dataflow CENSUS_CUBE1.
	184
	185	* The same Constraint applies to both Provision Agreements.
	186
	187	The cascade rules elaborated above result as follows:
	188
	189	DSD
	190
	191	* Constrained by eliminating code 001 from the code list for the AGE Dimension.
	192
	193	Dataflow CENSUS_CUBE1
	194
	195	* Constrained by restricting the code list for the AGE Dimension to codes 002 and 003 (note that this is a more restrictive constraint than that declared for the DSD which specifies all codes except code 001).
	196	** Restricts the CAS codes to 003 and 004.
	197
	198	Dataflow CENSUS_CUBE2
	199
	200	* Restricts the code list for the CAS Dimension to codes TOT and NAP.
	201	** Inherits the AGE constraint applied at the level of the DSD.
	202
	203	Provision Agreement CENSUS_CUBE1_IT
	204
	205	* Restricts the codes for the GEO Dimension to IT and its children.
	206	** Inherits the constraints from Dataflow CENSUS_CUBE1 for the AGE and CAS Dimensions.
	207
	208	Provision Agreement CENSUS_CUBE2_IT
	209
	210	* Restricts the codes for the GEO Dimension to IT and its children.
	211	** Inherits the constraints from Dataflow CENSUS_CUBE2 for the CAS Dimension.
	212	** Inherits the AGE constraint applied at the level of the DSD.
	213
	214	The Constraints are defined as follows:
	215
	216	DSD Constraint
	217
14.2	218	[[image:1747386911707-332.png]]
2.1	219
	220	Dataflow Constraints
	221
14.2	222	[[image:1747386933952-158.png]]
2.1	223
14.2	224	[[image:1747386970127-658.png]]
2.1	225
	226	Provision Agreement Constraint
	227
14.2	228	[[image:1747386991329-805.png]]
2.1	229
14.1	230	==== 10.3.4.2 Combination of Constraints ====
2.1	231
	232	The possible combination of constraining terms are explained in this section, following a few examples.
	233
	234	Let’s assume a DSD with the following Components:
	235
14.2	236	[[image:1747387057775-838.png]]
2.1	237
14.2	238	[[image:1747387089210-741.png]]
	239
2.1	240	On the above, let’s assume the following use cases with their constraining requirements:
	241
14.1	242	===== 10.3.4.2.1 Use Case 1: A Constraint on allowed values for some Dimensions =====
2.1	243
	244	R1: Allow monthly and quarterly data
	245	R2: Allow Mexico for vis-à-vis country
	246
	247	This is expressed with the following CubeRegion:
	248
14.2	249	[[image:1747387154981-708.png]]
2.1	250
14.1	251	===== 10.3.4.2.2 Use Case 2: A Constraint on allowed combinations for some Dimensions =====
2.1	252
	253	R1: Allow monthly data for Germany
	254	R2: Allow quarterly data for Mexico
	255
	256	This is expressed with the following DataKeySet:
	257
14.2	258	[[image:1747387188821-467.png]]
2.1	259
14.2	260	===== 0.3.4.2.3 Use Case 3: A Constraint on allowed values for some Dimensions combined with allowed values for some Attributes =====
2.1	261
	262	R1: Allow monthly and quarterly data
	263	R2: Allow Mexico for vis-à-vis country
	264	R3: Allow present for status
	265
	266	This may be expressed with the following CubeRegion:
	267
14.3	268	[[image:1747387231598-634.png]]
14.2	269
14.1	270	===== 10.3.4.2.4 Use Case 4: A Constraint on allowed combinations for some =====
2.1	271
	272	//Dimensions combined with specific Attribute values//
	273
	274	R1: Allow monthly data, for Germany, with unit euro
	275	R2: Allow quarterly data, for Mexico, with unit usd
	276
	277	This is may be expressed with the following DataKeySet:
	278
14.3	279	[[image:1747387252077-954.png]]
2.1	280
14.4	281	[[image:1747387281625-859.png]]
	282
14.1	283	===== 10.3.4.2.5 Use Case 5: A Constraint on allowed values for some Dimensions together with some combination of Dimension values =====
2.1	284
	285	R1: For annually and quarterly data, for Mexico and Germany, only A status is allowed
	286	R2: For monthly data, for Mexico and Germany, only F status is allowed
	287
	288	Considering the above examples, the following CubeRegions would be created:
	289
14.4	290	[[image:1747387330751-405.png]]
2.1	291
	292	The problem with this approach is that according to the business rule for Constraints, only one should be specified per Component. Thus, if a software would perform some conflict resolution would end up with empty sets for FREQ and OBS_STATUS (as they do not share any values).
	293
	294	Nevertheless, there is a much easier approach to that; this is the cascading mechanism of Constraints (as shown in 10.3.4.1). Hence, these rules would be expressed into two levels of Constraints, e.g., DSD and Dataflows:
	295
	296	DSD CubeRegion:
	297
14.5	298	[[image:1747387369822-932.png]]
	299
2.1	300	Dataflow1 CubeRegion:
	301
14.5	302	[[image:1747387387944-676.png]]
	303
2.1	304	Dataflow2 CubeRegion:
	305
14.5	306	[[image:1747387401689-306.png]]
	307
14.1	308	===== 10.3.4.2.6 Use case 6: A Constraint on allowed values for some Dimensions combined with allowed values for Measures =====
2.1	309
	310	R1: Allow monthly data, for Germany, with unit euro, and measure choice is 'A'
	311	R2: Allow quarterly data, for Mexico, with unit usd, and measure choice is 'B' This is may be expressed with the following DataKeySet:
	312
14.5	313	[[image:1747387437317-733.png]]
	314
14.1	315	===== 10.3.4.2.7 Use Case 7: A Constraint with wildcards for Codes and removePrefix property =====
2.1	316
	317	For this example, we assume that the VIS_CTY representation has been prefixed with prefix ‘AREA_’. In this Constraint, we need to remove the prefix.
	318
	319	R1: Allow monthly and quarterly data
	320	R2: Allow vis-à-vis countries that start with M
	321	R3: Remove the prefix ‘AREA_’
	322
14.6	323	[[image:1747387461703-763.png]]
14.5	324
2.1	325	This may be expressed with the following CubeRegion:
	326
14.1	327	===== 10.3.4.2.8 Use Case 8: A Constraint with multilingual support on Attributes =====
2.1	328
	329	R1: Allow monthly and quarterly data
	330	R2: Allow Mexico for vis-à-vis country
	331	R3: Allow a comment, in English, which includes the term adjusted for status
	332
	333	This may be expressed with the following CubeRegion:
	334
14.6	335	[[image:1747387484366-337.png]]
2.1	336
14.1	337	===== 10.3.4.2.9 Use Case 9: A Constraint on allowed values for Dimensions combined with allowed values for Metadata Attributes =====
2.1	338
	339	R1: Allow monthly and quarterly data
	340	R2: Allow Mexico for vis-à-vis country
	341	R3: Allow John Doe for contact
	342
	343	This may be expressed with the following CubeRegion:
	344
15.1	345	[[image:1747387514061-293.png]]
2.1	346
14.1	347	==== 10.3.4.3 Other constraining terms ====
2.1	348
	349	Beyond the cube regions and keysets, there is one more constraining term, i.e., the ReleaseCalendar.
	350
	351	The ReleaseCalendar is the only term that does not apply on Components; it specifies the schedule of publication or reporting of the dataset or metadataset.
	352
	353	For example, the ReleaseCalendar for Provider BIS, is specified in the three following terms:
	354
	355	* Periodicity: how often data should be reported, e.g., monthly
	356	* Offset: the number of days between the 1^^st^^ of January and the first release of data, e.g., 10 days
	357	* Tolerance: the maximum allowed of days that data may be considered, without being considered as late, e.g., 5 days
	358
	359	With the above terms, BIS would need to report data between the 10^^th^^ and 15^^th^^ of every month.
	360
	361	NOTE: The SDMX 2.1 constraining term ReferencePeriod has been deprecated in SDMX 3.0; thus, the TimeDimension and any Dimension with a time Representation can be constrained within a CubeRegion or MetadataTargetRegion, using the TimeRangeValue.