Statistical Classification of Economic Activities in the European Community, Rev. 2.1 (NACE Rev. 2.1) - Section O

This section includes a variety of activities that support general business operations. These activities differ from those in section N since their primary purpose is not the transfer of specialised knowledge.

This division includes the rental and leasing of tangible and non-financial intangible assets and intermediation service activities thereof. For leasing activities, only the provision of operating leases is included in this division. The renter or lessor has the economic risk for the tangible goods and non-financial intangible assets provided, whereas the intermediator has no economic risk for the tangible goods and non-financial intangible assets that are intermediated. In this division, a wide array of tangible goods is concerned (for example, automobiles, computers, consumer goods, industrial machinery and equipment), provided to customers in return for a periodic rental or lease payment.

This class includes:
- rental and operating leasing of motor vehicles (with a maximum permissible weight not exceeding 3,5 tons) without a driver, regardless of the length of rental period or way of payment (e.g. subscription):
 • passenger cars, motorhomes, other light motor vehicles without a driver
- rental of shared cars

This class includes:
- rental and operating leasing of the following types of vehicles:
 • trucks, motorhomes, utility trailers and heavy motor vehicles (with a maximum permissible weight of more than 3,5 tons) without a driver

This group includes the rental of personal and household goods as well as the rental of recreational and sports equipment and videodiscs. Activities generally include short-term rental of goods, although in some instances the goods may be leased for longer periods of time.

This class includes the rental of recreational and sports equipment, for example:
- pleasure boats, moveable houseboats, canoes, sailing boats and yachts without an operator
- bicycles, including bicycles with electrical assistance
- skis

This class includes:
- rental of all kinds of household or personal goods (except recreational and sports equipment), to households or industries:
 • textiles, wearing apparel and footwear (e.g. curtains, costumes, wedding dresses and shoes)
 • furniture, pottery and glass, kitchen and tableware, electrical appliances and housewares
 • jewellery, musical instruments, scenery and costumes
 • books, journals and magazines
 • machinery and equipment used by amateurs (e.g. tools for home repairs)
 • flowers and plants
 • electronic equipment for household use
- rental of video games, videotapes, discs, records, etc.
- rental of gazebos and tensile structures without additional services

This class includes:
- rental and operating leasing of agricultural and forestry machinery and equipment without an operator:
 • rental of products produced within the manufacture of agricultural and forestry machinery (class 28.30), e.g. agricultural tractors

This class includes:
- rental and operating leasing of construction and civil engineering machinery and equipment without an operator:
 • crane lorries
 • scaffolds and work platforms, without erection and dismantling

This class includes:
- rental and operating leasing of office machinery and equipment without an operator:
 • computers and computer peripheral equipment
 • duplicating machines, typewriters and word-processing machines
 • accounting machinery and equipment: cash registers, electronic calculators, etc.
 • office furniture

This class includes:
- rental and operating leasing of water transport equipment without an operator:
 • commercial boats, ships and hovercraft

This class includes:
- rental and operating leasing of air transport equipment without an operator:
 • airplanes
 • hot-air balloons
 • helicopters

This class includes:
- rental and operating leasing, without an operator, of other machinery and equipment generally used as capital goods by industries:
 • engines and turbines
 • machine tools
 • mining and oilfield equipment
 • professional radio, television and communication equipment
 • motion picture production equipment
 • measuring and controlling equipment
 • other scientific, commercial and industrial machinery
- rental and operating leasing of land transport equipment (other than motor vehicles) without a driver:
 • caravans
 • railway vehicles
- tyre leasing
- rental of equipment for events, fairs and exhibitions (e.g. for rigging power, light, sound and stage equipment)
- rental of furniture for events, fairs and exhibitions
- rental of medical/hospital equipment
- rental and leasing of slot machines

This class includes the activities of allowing others to use intellectual property products and similar products for which a royalty payment or licensing fee is paid to the owner of the product (in other words, the asset holder). The leasing of these products can take various forms (for example, permission for reproduction, use in subsequent processes or products, operating businesses under a franchise). The current owners may or may not have created these products.

This class includes:
- leasing of intellectual property products, except copyrighted works (e.g. books, software)
- receiving royalties or licensing fees for the use of:
 • patented entities
 • trademarks or service marks
 • brand names
 • mineral exploration and evaluation
 • franchise agreements
 • internet domains
 • rights of designed or developed board games

This class includes the intermediation of the rental and leasing of passenger cars, motorhomes, motorcycles, caravans, and so on by bringing clients and service providers together for a fee or commission, without the intermediary providing the rental and leasing services that are intermediated. These intermediation activities can be carried out on digital platforms or through non-digital channels (including face-to-face, door-to-door, telephone, mail, and so on). The fee or commission can be received from either the client or the provider of the rental and leasing service. Revenue for the intermediation activities can include other sources of income (for example, revenues from the sale of advertising space).

This class includes the intermediation of the rental and leasing of other tangible goods and non-financial intangible assets, by bringing clients and service providers together for a fee or commission, without the intermediary providing the rental and leasing services that are intermediated. These intermediation activities can be carried out on digital platforms or through non-digital channels (including face-to-face, door-to-door, telephone, mail, and so on). The fee or commission can be received from either the client or the provider of the rental and leasing service. Revenue for the intermediation activities can include other sources of income (for example, revenues from the sale of advertising space).

This class includes:
- providing intermediation between households that offer their goods for rental and households renting the goods (e.g. lawn mowers, ladders, bicycles)

This division includes activities of listing employment vacancies and referring or placing applicants for employment where the individuals referred or placed are not employees of the employment agencies, activities supplying workers to clients’ businesses for periods of time to supplement the workforce of the client, and activities of providing other human resources.

This division includes:
- personnel search and placement activities
- activities of theatrical casting agencies
- activities of recruitment agencies
- headhunting activities

This class includes listing employment vacancies and referring or placing applicants for employment where the individuals referred or placed are not employees of the employment agencies.

This class includes:
- personnel search, selection referral and placement activities, including executive search and placement activities
- activities of casting agencies and bureaux (e.g. theatrical casting and model agencies)
- activities of online employment placement agencies

This class includes the activities of supplying workers to clients’ businesses for specific periods of time to temporarily replace or supplement the workforce of the client. In such an employment arrangement, the temporary employment agency or provider of human resources is the employer of the individual workers provided. However, the client is responsible for the supervision of the temporary personnel.

These activities are providing human resources for clients’ businesses. The units classified here represent the employer of record for the temporary employees on matters relating to payroll, taxes, and other fiscal and human resource issues, but they are not responsible for the management and supervision of employees. The units classified here perform a wide range of human resource and personnel management duties associated with this provision.

This division includes the activities of agencies, primarily engaged in the sale and operation of pre-packaged or custom-packaged travel packages, comprising transport, accommodation, amusement and entertainment, tour guide and other services to the general public and commercial clients, and the activities of arranging and assembling tours that are sold through travel agencies or directly by agents (for example, tour operators) and other travel-related services, including reservation services.

This group includes the activities of agencies, primarily engaged in the sale of pre-packaged or custom-packaged travel packages, comprising transport, accommodation, tour guide and other services to the general public and commercial clients and the activities of arranging and assembling tours that are sold through travel agencies or directly by agents (for example, tour operators).

This class includes:
- activities of agencies, primarily engaged in the sale of packaged tours and cruises to the general public or to commercial clients, alongside additional accommodation advice or expertise:
 • reservation services for pre-packaged tours, domestic (national) and international
 • reservation services for customised tour packages for groups, domestic (national) or international
- intermediation service activities for the conclusion of contracts for the provision of tourist services from tour operators

This class includes:
- arranging, assembling and marketing packaged tours:
 • pre-packaged tours, domestic (national) and international
 • customised tour packages for groups, domestic (national) and international

Package tours usually include passenger and baggage transport, accommodation, food and sightseeing services. Tour operators are engaged in the operation of tour packages that are sold by travel agencies, including arranging and assembling different services in the packaged tour. 

Tour operators might be employed or contracted by a travel agency, or they might operate as independent tour operators.

This class includes:
- visitor assistance services:
 • provision of travel information to visitors
 • activities of independent tourist guides
- activities of tourism promotion

This division includes security-related services:
- investigation services in private, commercial, corporate, insurance and criminal law for the exercise of rights in court
- guard and patrol services
- picking up and delivering money, receipts or other valuable items, with personnel and equipment to protect such properties while in transit
- security system services and the operation of electronic security alarm systems (e.g. burglar and fire alarms), as well as remote monitoring and video surveillance systems services, where the activity focuses on remote monitoring these systems, but often also involves sale, installation and repair services

This group includes security activities that are normally carried out by private operators.

This class includes:
- investigation services in private, commercial, insurance and legal fields
- guard, patrol or security services
- support services for cash collection and deposit services
- secure shredding and data destruction services
- armoured car services

This class includes the provision of one or more of the following services: security system services as part of security service centres or alarm receiving centres (ARC); remote monitoring and video surveillance systems services; and – only if provided in connection with later monitoring and remote monitoring services – installation, repair and maintenance of electronic security systems.

This division includes the provision of a number of general support services, for example:
- the provision of a combination of support services within clients’ facilities
- the interior and exterior cleaning of buildings of all types
- cleaning of industrial machinery, cleaning of trains, buses, planes, etc.
- cleaning of the inside of road and sea tankers
- disinfecting and exterminating activities for buildings, ships, trains, etc.
- bottle cleaning
- street sweeping
- snow and ice removal
- provision of landscape care and maintenance services

This class includes the provision of a combination of support services within clients’ facilities. These services include general interior cleaning, maintenance, waste disposal, doormen and surveillance services, mail routing, reception, laundry and related services to support operations within facilities. These support activities are performed by operating staff, who are not involved with or responsible for the core business or activities of the client.

This group includes general, specialised and other cleaning activities. The difference between them is not based on the type of customers served, but on the type of cleaning.

This group includes the activities of general interior cleaning of all types of buildings, the exterior cleaning of buildings, specialised cleaning activities for buildings or other specialised cleaning activities, cleaning of industrial machinery, cleaning of the inside of road and sea tankers, disinfecting and extermination activities for buildings and industrial machinery, bottle cleaning, street sweeping, snow and ice removal.

This class includes:
- general (non-specialised) cleaning of all types of buildings, e.g.:
 • offices
 • private dwellings (e.g. houses or apartments)
 • factories
 • shops
 • institutions
- general (non-specialised) cleaning of other business and professional premises and multi-unit residential buildings

These general cleaning activities are mostly interior cleaning although they may include the cleaning of associated exterior areas (for example, windows, passageways).

This class includes:
- exterior cleaning of buildings of all types (e.g. offices, factories, shops, schools and other institutions, other business and professional premises, multi-unit residential buildings)
- specialised cleaning activities for businesses in food industries, including manufacturing, retail sale, restaurants, etc.
- specialised cleaning activities for buildings (e.g. facade and window cleaning, chimney cleaning and cleaning of fireplaces, stoves, furnaces, incinerators, boilers, ventilation ducts and exhaust units)
- specialised industrial cleaning (e.g. cleaning of industrial machinery)
- cleaning of water supply pipelines
- cleaning of aeraulic ducts
- other specialised building and industrial cleaning activities n.e.c.
- cleaning of new buildings immediately after construction
- steam cleaning, sandblasting and similar activities for building exteriors

This class includes:
- swimming pool cleaning and maintenance activities
- cleaning of trains, buses, planes, etc.
- cleaning of the inside of road and sea tankers
- sanitising, disinfecting and exterminating activities
- bottle cleaning
- street sweeping and snow and ice removal
- other cleaning activities n.e.c.

This class includes:
- planting, care and maintenance of parks and gardens for:
 • private and public housing
 • public and semi-public buildings (schools, hospitals, administrative buildings, church buildings, etc.)
 • municipal grounds (parks, green areas, cemeteries, etc.)
 • highway greenery (roads, train lines and tramlines, waterways, ports)
 • industrial and commercial buildings
- planting, care and maintenance of greenery for:
 • buildings (roof gardens, facade greenery, indoor gardens, etc.)
 • sports grounds (football fields, golf courses, etc.), playgrounds, lawns for sunbathing and other recreational parks
 • stationary and flowing water (basins, alternating wet areas, ponds, swimming pools, ditches, watercourses, plant sewage systems)
- planting of vegetation for protection against noise, wind, erosion, visibility
- protection and restoring landscape (e.g. for parks, gardens)
- ecological engineering works for the purpose of ecological preservation of sites

This division includes the provision of a range of day-to-day office administrative services, as well as ongoing routine business support functions for others, on a contract or fee basis.

This class includes the provision of a combination of day-to-day office administrative services (for example, reception, financial planning, billing and record-keeping, personnel, postal and mailing services, and so on), for others on a contract or fee basis.

This class includes:
- document preparation (e.g. editing, proofreading, typing, word processing and pre-archiving)
- other secretarial support services
- transcription of documents
- letter or résumé writing
- provision of mailbox rental services and other postal and mailing services (e.g. pre-sorting, addressing)
- duplicating
- blueprinting
- operation of photocopying machines for photocopying as a self-service
- digitalisation of files (without any further processing of data)
- formatting of e-books

This class includes the activities of:
- inbound call centres, including answering calls from clients by using human operators, automatic call distribution, computer telephone integration, interactive voice response systems or similar methods to receive orders, provide product information, deal with customer requests for assistance or address customer complaints
- outbound call centres using similar methods to market goods or services to potential customers; conducting telephone interviews for market and opinion research surveys on a contract or fee basis
- web-based contact centres

This class includes the organisation, promotion and/or management of events, for example:
- business and trade shows
- company events
- general or specialised exhibitions
- conferences and conventions
- seminars, symposiums and workshops
- farmers’ markets and craft fairs

This class includes the intermediation service activities for business support activities n.e.c., by bringing clients and service providers together for a fee or commission.

These intermediation activities can be carried out on digital platforms or through non-digital channels (including face-to-face, door-to-door, telephone, mail, and so on). The fee or commission can be received from either the client or the provider of the business support service. Revenue for the intermediation activities can include other sources of income (for example, revenues from the sale of advertising space).

This group includes the activities of collection agencies, credit bureaux, business information agencies and all support activities not elsewhere classified. These activities are predominantly provided to businesses.

This class includes:
- collection of payments for claims and remittance of payments collected to the clients (e.g. bill or debt collection services)
- compiling and the provision of information (e.g. credit or employment history) for financial institutions, retailers and others who have a need to evaluate the creditworthiness of individuals or businesses

This class includes:
- packaging activities on a fee or contract basis, whether or not these involve an automated process:
 • bottling of liquid or gaseous goods, including beverages and food
 • packaging of solids (blister packaging, foil-covered, etc.)
 • security packaging of pharmaceutical preparations
 • labelling, stamping and imprinting
 • parcel packing and gift wrapping
- product sterilisation associated with packaging

This class includes:
- fundraising organisation services on a contract or fee basis
- court reporting or stenotype recording services
- public stenography services
- real-time (i.e. simultaneous) closed captioning of meetings, conferences
- barcoding services
- barcode imprinting services
- parking meter coin collection services
- activities of handling visa and work permits
- restaurant voucher handling service activities
- providing assistance in motor vehicle registration
- relocation service activities
- administration of gift packages for leisure activities
- voucher issuing and handling activities
- charity crowdfunding activities
- company domiciliation services
- reading of consumption of heat and hot water, including cost allocation
- administration of loyalty programmes
- selling of deferred travel services: form of distribution of a service linked to travel, which can be of any nature (hotels, restaurants, personal care, leisure activities, etc.)
- trading and brokerage of crypto-assets without liabilities