Statistical Classification of Economic Activities in the European Community, Rev. 2.1 (NACE Rev. 2.1) - Section A

This section includes the exploitation of vegetal and animal natural resources, comprising the activities of growing of crops, raising and breeding of animals, harvesting of timber and other plants, and the production of animal products from a farm or natural habitats.

This division includes two basic activities, namely the production of crop products and the production of animal products. 

Mixed farming (group 01.5) breaks with the usual principles for identifying the main activity. It accepts that many agricultural units have a reasonably balanced production of crops and animals, and that it would be arbitrary to classify them in one category or the other.

This division includes the soilless cultivation of crops, such as using hydroponic and aquaponic methods.

This group includes the growing of non-perennial crops, in other words, plants that do not last for more than two growing seasons. Further included is the growing of these plants for the purpose of seed production.

This class includes all forms of growing of cereals, leguminous crops and oil seeds. Further included is the growing of these plants for the purpose of seed production. The growing of these crops is often combined within agricultural units.

This class includes:
- growing of cereals, e.g.:
 • wheat
 • grain maize
 • sorghum
 • barley
 • rye
 • oats
 • millet
 • pseudocereals, in other words, fruits or seeds used as cereals, e.g.:
 • quinoa
 • amaranth
 • chia
- growing of leguminous crops, e.g.:
 • beans
 • broad beans
 • chickpeas
 • cowpeas
 • lentils
 • lupines
 • peas
 • pigeon peas
- growing of oil seeds, e.g.:
 • soya beans
 • groundnuts
 • castor beans
 • linseed
 • mustard seed
 • niger seed
 • rapeseed
 • safflower seed
 • sesame seed
 • sunflower seed

This class includes:
- growing of rice

This class includes:
- growing of leafy or stem vegetables, e.g.:
 • artichokes
 • asparagus
 • cabbages
 • cauliflower and broccoli
 • lettuce and chicory
 • spinach
- growing of fruit-bearing vegetables, e.g.:
 • cucumbers and gherkins
 • eggplants (aubergines)
 • tomatoes
 • watermelons
- growing of root, bulb or tuberous vegetables, e.g.:
 • carrots
 • turnips
 • garlic
 • onions (including shallots)
 • leeks and other alliaceous vegetables
- growing of mushrooms and truffles
- growing of vegetable seeds, including sugar beet seeds, excluding other beet seeds
- growing of sugar beet
- growing of chillies, peppers (Capsicum spp.)
- growing of roots and tubers, e.g.:
 • potatoes
 • sweet potatoes
 • cassava
 • yams
 • swedes and mangolds

This class includes:
- growing of unmanufactured tobacco

This class includes growing of fibre crops, e.g.:
- growing of cotton
- growing of jute, kenaf and other textile bast fibres
- growing of flax and hemp
- growing of sisal and other textile fibre of the genus agave
- growing of abaca, ramie and other vegetable textile fibres

This class includes the growing of all other non-perennial crops, e.g.:
- growing of clover, alfalfa, sainfoin, maize, lupines, other grasses, fodder kale and similar forage crops
- growing of beet seeds and seeds of forage plants
- growing of flowers
- cutting of flowers and flower buds
- growing of flower seeds

This group includes the growing of perennial crops, in other words, plants that last for more than two growing seasons, either dying back after each season or growing continuously. Further included is the growing of these plants for the purpose of seed production.

This class includes:
- growing of grapes for consumption or for further production of wine, juice, vinegar and dried fruit (e.g. raisins, zante currants or sultanas)

This class includes:
- growing of tropical and subtropical fruits, e.g.:
 • avocados
 • bananas and plantains
 • dates
 • figs
 • mangoes
 • papayas
 • pineapples
 • rambutans
 • lychees

This class includes:
- growing of citrus fruits, e.g.:
 • grapefruit and pomelo
 • lemons and limes
 • oranges
 • tangerines, mandarins and clementines

This class includes:
- growing of pome fruits and stone fruits, e.g.:
 • apples
 • apricots
 • cherries and sour cherries
 • peaches and nectarines
 • pears and quinces
 • plums and sloes

This class includes:
- growing of berries, e.g.:
 • blueberries
 • fresh currants
 • gooseberries
 • kiwi fruit
 • raspberries
 • strawberries
 • sea buckthorn
- growing of fruit seeds
- growing of edible nuts, e.g.:
 • almonds
 • cashew nuts
 • chestnuts
 • hazelnuts
 • pistachios
 • walnuts
 • pine nuts
- growing of other tree and bush fruits, e.g.:
 • locust beans

This class includes:
- growing of oleaginous fruits, e.g.:
 • coconuts
 • olives
 • oil palms

This class includes:
- growing of beverage crops e.g.:
 • coffee
 • tea
 • maté
 • cocoa

This class includes:
- growing of perennial and non-perennial spices and aromatic crops:
 • pepper (Piper spp.)
 • nutmeg, mace and cardamoms
 • anise, badian and fennel as a spice or aromatic plant
 • cinnamon (Canella)
 • cloves
 • ginger
 • vanilla
 • hops
 • caraway
- growing of drug and narcotic crops

This class includes:
- growing of rubber trees for harvesting of latex
- growing of Christmas trees
- growing of trees for extraction of sap
- growing of vegetable materials of a kind used primarily for plaiting

This class includes the production of all vegetative planting materials, including cuttings, suckers and seedlings either for direct plant propagation or to create plant grafting stock into which a selected scion is grafted for eventual planting to produce crops.

This class includes:
- growing of plants for planting
- growing of plants for ornamental purposes, including turf for transplanting
- growing of live plants for bulbs, tubers and roots, cuttings and slips, and mushroom spawn
- operation of tree nurseries, except forest tree nurseries

This group includes:
- farming (husbandry, raising) and breeding of all animals, except aquatic animals

This class includes:
- raising and breeding of dairy cattle and/or buffaloes
- production of raw milk from cows or buffaloes
- production of bovine semen of dairy breeds

This class includes:
- raising and breeding of cattle and buffaloes for meat
- production of bovine semen of meat breeds

This class includes:
- raising and breeding of horses, asses, mules or hinnies, regardless of the purpose

This class includes:
- raising and breeding of camels (dromedary) and camelids

This class includes:
- raising and breeding of sheep and goats
- production of raw sheep or goat milk
- production of raw wool

This class includes:
- raising and breeding of swine and pigs

This class includes:
- raising and breeding of poultry, e.g.:
 • chickens, turkeys, ducks, geese, quails, ostriches or guineafowls
- production of eggs from poultry
- operation of poultry hatcheries
- automated egg hatching for poultry

This class includes:
- raising and breeding of semi-domesticated or other live animals, e.g.:
 • birds (except poultry and ostriches)
 • insects
 • rabbits and other fur animals
 • reindeer
- production of bird skins from ranching operations or skins from farming reptiles (e.g. snakes and turtles)
- raising and breeding of reptiles, except crocodiles
- operation of land worm farms, land mollusc farms, land snail farms, etc.
- raising of silkworms, production of silkworm cocoons
- beekeeping; production of bees’ byproducts (e.g. honey, beeswax, propolis, bee venom or honeycomb); bee propagation for sale
- raising and breeding of pets (except fish), e.g.:
 • cats and dogs
 • birds (e.g. parakeets)
 • hamsters

This class includes:
- the combined production of crops and animals without a specialised production of crops or animals

This group includes activities incidental to agricultural production and activities similar to agriculture not undertaken for production purposes (in the sense of harvesting agricultural products), usually done on a fee or contract basis.

This class includes:
- crop production activities on a fee or contract basis:
 • preparation of fields
 • establishing a crop
 • treatment of crops
 • crop spraying, including by air
 • trimming of fruit trees and vines
 • transplanting of rice; thinning of beets
 • harvesting
 • pest control (including of rabbits) in connection with agriculture
- operation of agricultural irrigation equipment

This class includes:
- animal production activities on a fee or contract basis:
 • activities to promote the propagation, growth and output of animals
 • herd testing services, droving services, agistment services, poultry caponising, coop cleaning, etc.
 • activities related to artificial insemination
 • stud services
 • sheep shearing
 • farm animal boarding and care

This class includes post-harvest crop activities on a fee or contract basis:
- preparation of crops for primary markets (e.g. cleaning, trimming, grading or disinfecting)
- cotton ginning
- preparation of tobacco leaves (e.g. sun drying)
- preparation of cocoa beans (e.g. peeling)
- waxing of fruit
- drying of fruit, vegetables, herbs, spices, medicinal herbs and tobacco
- sorting, cleaning and cutting of medicinal herbs
- grain drying
- post-harvest activities aimed at improving the propagation quality of seed (e.g. by the removal of non-seed materials, or damaged or immature seeds, or by reducing the seed moisture to a safe level for storage)
- retting of plants bearing vegetable textile fibres (such as jute, flax or coir), not associated with the growing of vegetable textile fibres
- artificial ripening of fruits as a service (e.g. banana ripening)

This class includes:
- hunting and trapping on a commercial basis
- taking of wild animals (dead or alive) for i) food, fur or skin and ii) use in research, in zoos or as pets
- production of fur skins and reptile or bird skins from hunting or trapping activities
- catching of frogs and collecting of snails in the wild

This division includes silviculture and the production of roundwood as well as the extraction and gathering of wild-growing non-wood forest products. Besides the production of timber, forestry activities result in products that undergo little processing, for example, firewood, charcoal or roundwood used in an unprocessed form (such as pit-props or pulpwood). These activities can be carried out in natural, semi-natural or planted forests.

This class includes:
- growing of standing timber: planting, replanting, transplanting, thinning and conserving of forests, and timber tracts
- growing of coppice, pulpwood and firewood
- operation of forest tree nurseries
- growing of poplar and willow

These activities can be carried out in natural, semi-natural or planted forests.

This class includes:
- production of roundwood for forest-based manufacturing industries
- production of roundwood used in an unprocessed form (e.g. pit-props, fence posts, utility poles)

This class includes:
- gathering of wild growing materials, e.g.:
 • mushrooms, truffles
 • berries
 • nuts
 • balata and other rubber-like gums
 • cork
 • lac and resins
 • balsams
 • acorns, horse chestnuts
 • mosses and lichens
 • vegetable hair / eelgrass

This class includes carrying out part of the forestry operation on a fee or contract basis.

This class includes:
- forestry service activities:
 • forestry inventories
 • forest management consulting services
 • timber evaluation
 • forest fire fighting and prevention
 • forest pest control
- logging service activities:
 • transport of logs within the forest

This division includes capture fishery and aquaculture, which are characterised by the gathering of marine, brackish or freshwater fish, crustaceans, molluscs, and other organisms and products (for example, aquatic plants, pearls, sponges).

This group includes capture fishery, in other words, the harvesting, collecting and gathering activities directed at removing or collecting live wild aquatic organisms (predominantly fish, molluscs and crustaceans), including plants from the oceanic, coastal or inland waters for human consumption and other purposes by hand or more usually by various types of fishing gear (for example, nets, lines, stationary traps). Such activities can be conducted on the intertidal zones (for example, the collection of molluscs, such as mussels, oysters), coastal waters or offshore waters. These activities also include fishing in restocked water bodies.

This class includes:
- fishing on a commercial basis in ocean and coastal waters
- taking of marine crustaceans and molluscs
- whaling
- taking of marine aquatic animals (e.g. turtles, sea squirts, tunicates, sea urchins)

This class includes:
- fishing on a commercial basis in inland waters
- taking of freshwater crustaceans and molluscs
- taking of freshwater aquatic animals

This group includes aquaculture (or aquafarming), in other words, the production process involving the culturing or farming (including harvesting) of aquatic organisms (for example, fish, molluscs, crustaceans, plants, amphibians) using techniques designed to increase the production of the organisms in question beyond the natural capacity of the environment (for example, regular stocking, feeding and protection from predators). Aquaculture also encompasses individual, corporate or state ownership of the individual organisms throughout the rearing or culture stage, up to and including harvesting.

Culturing/farming refers to the rearing up to their juvenile and/or adult phase under captive conditions of the above organisms.

This class includes:
- fish farming in sea water, including farming of marine ornamental fish
- production of bivalve spat (e.g. oyster mussel, etc.), lobsterlings, shrimp post-larvae, fish fry and fingerlings
- growing of seaweed and algae
- culture of crustaceans, bivalves, other molluscs and other aquatic animals in sea water

This class includes:
- fish farming in freshwater, including farming of freshwater ornamental fish
- culture of freshwater crustaceans, bivalves, other molluscs and other aquatic animals
- operation of fish hatcheries (freshwater)
- farming of frogs
- growing of seaweed and algae (edible or not)

This class includes:
- service activities incidental to marine or freshwater fishery or aquaculture, e.g.:
 • diving services for aquaculture
 • remotely operated underwater vehicles (ROV) services for aquaculture
 • repair and maintenance services for fish cages
 • other support activities on fishing and aquaculture n.e.c.